DNA Testing – Scientific Breakthroughs
DNA testing is being used to advance scientific research in leaps and bounds
DNA testing has been used to advance science in amazing ways. Cloning is one of the most controversial advances to be made as it opens up a myriad of ethical dilemmas. Scientists recently made a truly significant step towards cloning human sperm by genetically copying sperm taken from mice. The hope is that this DNA testing and further experimentation will lead to new treatments for male infertility.
DNA testing – Cloned sperm
Scientist in New York bred the mice from cloned sperm at Cornell University. The techniques they used involved DNA testing to create the genetic copies of sperm taken from the mice in much of a similar technique that was used for Dolly the sheep, who was the first successfully cloned sheep. The cloned sperm fertilised mouse eggs and this was implanted into surrogate mothers. Several mice have now been born although a few died shortly after birth. However, the experiment is a huge step towards using DNA testing and genetic cloning in medicine for human beings.
DNA testing and Humans
However, using DNA and the DNA testing on mice is one thing but quite another issue testing on humans. DNA testing and genetic cloning is very highly controversial. But some scientists do believe that the break-through would be able to help treat men suffering from infertility. The team of scientists cloned the mice sperm by taking DNA-containing heads from the normal sperm cells and then injecting them into the mouse eggs – after this cell division was triggered by an electrical jolt.
DNA testing experiments
The experiments on the mice have taken more than one attempt to succeed. Initially DNA testing and egg implants failed after all the mice born unfortunately then died. The second and third tests however were a lot more successful and produced mice who then went on to produce their own offspring. DNA testing proved the cloned sperm was genetically identical in most of the cases.
Advances in genetic cloning
Advances in science using DNA testing and cloning possibly could mean that doctors in the future will be able to test for genetic abnormalities before children are even born. However, these scientific advances are still quite a long way off.
World’s first genome transplant
More recently scientist have also succeeded in the world’s first genome transplant – this opens the door to the creation of synthetic life forms. Work is currently being done into building new microbes to produce environmentally friendly fuels, which could have major benefits on global warming.
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